AIS-8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

AIS-8 - Essay Example various activities which include the development of an implementation plan, preparation of the site, selection, installation and testing of hardware and software, writing and testing the new program modifications and reinstallation and retesting of the total system from a technical standpoint. The delivery part comprises of various sub-activities that includes selection and training of personnel, compilation and completion of document and finally converting all operations to the new AIS (Nah, Fui-Hoon, Lee-Shang, & Kuang, 2001). The implementation phase initiates with the planning process which involves establishment of estimates of costs, timing and assigning of responsibilities to individuals involved in this process. This process also identifies the changes required in the organizational structure and different risks which could affect the successful transformation process. The companies tend to develop a fallback strategy if these risks become difficult to overcome. Preparation of site is a lengthy process as it relates to activities that allow new and improved space and infrastructure for the new system by either increasing the area, storage capacity and offices. These activities must be initiated well ahead of the implementation deadline. In addition to these activities preparation also involves selection and testing of hardware, software and vendors for efficient implementation of the accounting information system. Other sub-activities of construction part involve testing of the new system. Testing is typically performed at four levels. These include 1) unit testing which ensures the correctness of individual modifications 2) program testing which checks the compatibility between individual modifications and the program they enhance 3) system testing establishes whether the program modifications tally with the overall objectivity of the AIS and finally 4) acceptance testing that ensures the overall user expectations are met and the desired results from

Environmental Trends in Supermarket Sector Assignment

Environmental Trends in Supermarket Sector - Assignment Example There are costs associated for the supermarket sector with the environmental trends. For the right way of producing food in a sustainable manner and to consume the food as well in sustainable ways, environmental impacts should be factored into the cost of products on supermarket shelves (Russell 2007) because the supermarket sector has to incur high costs as compared to any other sector when it comes to environmental trends. This is because it is one of the largest sectors in UK. This paper will firstly discuss the environmental trends and how important they are to the businesses and then move on to their impact on the supermarket sector. The positive and negative impacts are considered and finally a conclusion is presented. The environmental trends are becoming an integral part of the economy and are thus affecting almost all the businesses. The environmental issues have now become a part of the business decision making due to their significant impact on the businesses. The importance of the environmental trends is so immense that it has been said by the former South African minister that (Black 2008) the "companies should have directors with environmental experience". Valli Moosa, the president of International Union for the Conservation of Nature says that like in all the other businesses we have marketing executives, accountancy executives and accountancy executives, there should also be environmental executives as well (Black 2008) who have a working knowledge of the environmental issues and can link the business and the environmental trends and can capitalize on their resources through mitigating the negative impacts from the business and in turn contributing to the environment as well. Environmental issues are basically defined as those problems which are created by environment. There are different environmental issues which are affecting the supermarket sector as a whole (Ellen, 2008). The environmental trends include a host of issues from reducing waste, recycling, reducing flood risk to efficiently utilizing energy sources, reducing carbon footprint and global warming. The climatic changes have impacted the biodiversity to a great extent, global warming is a huge issue due to the climatic changes and also as a result the depletion of ozone layer. The solutions to these as predicted so far include reforestation i.e. planting more trees and to use carbon sinks to absorb carbon dioxide. These all environmental trends have been impacting the businesses to a great extent as the businesses have to take into effect the negative impacts associated with these environmental trends. The business sector which is the most impacted by the environmental trends is the supermarket sector. The environmental trends specific to the supermarket sector are the carbon dioxide emissions, genetically modified (G.M.) food and the impact of climatic changes which has lead the supermarket sector to go greener and take measures which assist in mitigating the negative impact these environmental changes have been causing. The next section discusses the impact of the environmental trends on the supermarket sector in detail. Effects of the Environmental Trends on the Supermarket Sector The supermarket sec

AIS-8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

AIS-8 - Essay Example various activities which include the development of an implementation plan, preparation of the site, selection, installation and testing of hardware and software, writing and testing the new program modifications and reinstallation and retesting of the total system from a technical standpoint. The delivery part comprises of various sub-activities that includes selection and training of personnel, compilation and completion of document and finally converting all operations to the new AIS (Nah, Fui-Hoon, Lee-Shang, & Kuang, 2001). The implementation phase initiates with the planning process which involves establishment of estimates of costs, timing and assigning of responsibilities to individuals involved in this process. This process also identifies the changes required in the organizational structure and different risks which could affect the successful transformation process. The companies tend to develop a fallback strategy if these risks become difficult to overcome. Preparation of site is a lengthy process as it relates to activities that allow new and improved space and infrastructure for the new system by either increasing the area, storage capacity and offices. These activities must be initiated well ahead of the implementation deadline. In addition to these activities preparation also involves selection and testing of hardware, software and vendors for efficient implementation of the accounting information system. Other sub-activities of construction part involve testing of the new system. Testing is typically performed at four levels. These include 1) unit testing which ensures the correctness of individual modifications 2) program testing which checks the compatibility between individual modifications and the program they enhance 3) system testing establishes whether the program modifications tally with the overall objectivity of the AIS and finally 4) acceptance testing that ensures the overall user expectations are met and the desired results from

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Interview - Essay Example People seeking legal advice from the lawyers will feel secure since civility was being portrayed by the lawyers (Robinson, 2004). What are the opportunities to exercise civility in your daily life, such as at work or at home? The way we treat each other is what matters to determine civility. Civility is accompanied first politeness, this is a manner in which carries himself in the occasion that he or she is seeking for assistance. For instance, assuming one is the receptionist, a client approaches him or her to seek for guidance on a certain issue. The first thing one should do is greeting the client making him or her feel that at home, the client may annoy in the sense that he or she may be abusive or nagging, but remember the receptionist should understand and maintain high levels of politeness thus sending a positive signal, and marketing the institution as one which deals with clients in a polite manner (Robinson, 2004). The other aspect of civility is etiquette, this applies in working environment and a in home set up. One should learn to apologize if he or she has wronged, the simple worlds of am sorry and I apologize may mean a lot in this situation. In the working environment etiquette may be inform of dressing, work ethics treating of clients and facial expression. The first issue will be all about dressing, it should reflect ones character in that being well groomed will show ones seriousness in dealing with matters in hand. Also about work ethics, one should know the set procedures, for instance gossiping while a client is waiting to be served is unacceptable. One should keep in mind that working hours are different from resting hours. The word civility is used by different organization so as to enhance client confident. the all issue of one being civil is a matter of public relation in that how you deal with clients in a more friendly and professional way. The last one is all about facial expressions in that ones look portrays ones character, a smil e may hide a lot, you may be having a rough day with you boss or disagreed with a college at work, this should remain in a matter of the company , if a client approaches you for assistance you should not portray what you have been through rather show high levels of professionalism . In a home set up civility is all about being apologetic and respecting each other. A family that is built on the grounds of civility is bound to last. Respect entails both the parents and the children in that it should be mutual. Issues arising and family disputes should be dealt with in a civil manner. This entails calling for a family meeting in which the matter in hand will be resolved. Matters to do with the adults, that is the parents should be dealt with in secrete rather than in front of the children (Robinson, 2004). If there is one thing that defines a person who is civil, what would it be? Respect is what defines a person who is civil. If at one learns to show respect in all aspect then civilit y will be a daily occurrence. This means that respecting ones duties, if one is assigned certain duties they should be performed heartedly. This will ensure one conducts him or her self performed according the laid down procedure which are laid on the basis of civility. Also if one respect the other person he should be polite to him which is an aspect in civility. I a family set up; respect ensures the family stays at bay. This is respect brushes out the issue of conflict and quarrels, the domestic

The concepts of clinical governance

The concepts of clinical governance Clinical governance is defined as a system through which the health organisations are accountable for quality improvements of their services to meet the high standards of care by creating a suitable environment. The clinical governance is based on these fundamentals: Risk management. Confidentiality Staff Public involvement. Complaints investigation. Health promotion. Practice manual. Dissemination of good ideas. Quality improvement. Accountability. Clinical effectiveness, audit, evidence based practice, and policy. Risk management: Risk management is quality control related discipline and insurance comprising activities designed the adverse effects of loss upon a healthcare organisations, physical, financial assets, and human through: Claims control Loss prevention and reduction Identification of loss potential Loss funding and risk financing We have to try to establish what is actually likely to go wrong. We have to analyse and control the risk establish what can be done to reduce, minimise or eliminate it. We have to calculate the cost of getting it right as opposed to the cost of getting it wrong. Implementation of a risk management system: there are eight steps: Identify key risk areas. review past incidents. Identify key trigger events. Implement an incident reporting system. Investigate high risk events Monitor and analyse reports for trends. Implement changes if necessary. Educate and feedback. Consider a help from outside company with expertise in risk management. Other sources of help may include: The health authority The local dental committee The primary care group. Confidentiality: The principle of confidentiality is the basic to the practice in any healthcare setting. Patients attend for examination and treatment in the belief that the information that they give, will be kept secret. Health professionals are responsible to their patients with whom they are in a professional relationship, for the confidentiality of any information obtained. The fundamental principle of confidentiality is that the health professionals must not use or disclose any confidential information obtained in the course of their work other than for the clinical care of the patient to whom that information relates. Exceptions to the above are: If the patient consents. If it is in the patients own interest that information should be disclosed. If the health professional has an overriding duty to society to disclose the information If the disclosure is necessary to safeguard national security If the disclosure is necessary to prevent a serious risk to public health. Generally the consent is assumed for the necessary sharing of information with other professionals involved with the care of the patient for that episode of care and, where essential, for continuing care. Beyond this, informed consent must be obtained. The development of modern information technology and increased amount of multi-disciplinary teamwork in patient care, such as in undertaking clinical audit, make confidentiality difficult to uphold. You should tell patients whom you invite to participate in a survey in relation to audit about the standards of confidentiality. You should inform them about the extent to which their identity, contact details and information they give you is confidential to you, your work team or organisation. Be aware of your responsibilities under the Data Protection Act as to when you need to seek patient consent, (Department of Health 1998). A written confidentiality policy document should be in place for the attention of all staff in the practice. A named person should be responsible for the confidentiality policy document, this will include to monitor adherence to it and to deal with any potential or actual breaches of confidentiality. Temporary, voluntary or work experience students should all be informed of their obligations to maintain confidentiality. Managers must ensure that paper and computer security is maintained. The responsibilities of management, clerical, and administrative staff for confidentiality include: Confidentiality training for all staff. A clause about confidentiality in contracts of employment. There should be a named person with whom any member of staff can discuss difficulties with confidentiality. Physical difficulties such as lack of privacy at reception desks or being overheard answering the telephone should be reported and dealt with. Clear rules about the handling of post marked private, confidential, or personal are in place. The reasons for requests for information from patients should be explained. Only seeking the minimum of information required for the task. Shredding confidential paper records must be in place. Clear procedures for recording and storing information on paper or on computer must be in a policy document of the confidentiality in the practice. Safeguards against unauthorised access to either must be active. Levels of access to data should be clearly stated. Passwords to computer records kept confidential. Terminal security must be arranged so that an unauthorised person is unable to use an unattended terminal to access data. firewall security against unauthorised access to confidential data must be in place and active. Consent: Consent may be implied, oral, or written. Example of Implied consent is when the patient opens his mouth to allow a dentist to do an examination may be assumed to have consented to that examination. A note should be added to the patients records confirming the provision and nature of the consent when the patient consents orally. Written consents are not normally essential or a guarantee but it gives a useful document if evidence is required months or years later. Consent based on clear explanations is essential, especially in some situations such as implant placement, sedation and general anaesthesia. Patients have the right to decide whether to undergo any dental intervention, even when refusal may result in harm to them. The General Dental Council requires written consent for general anaesthesia and sedation procedures. The patient must be given sufficient information to enable them to make an informed consent. The amount of information should be given to the patient depends on a range of factors including the nature of the condition, risks and the patients wishes. Patients may need more information about procedures with high risks or with serious personal, social, or professional implications. Explanations should be given and the consent should be obtained by a knowledgeable practitioner and ideally by the practitioner carrying out the procedure. It may be appropriate for the patient to bring a friend, relative, interpreter, etc. So, we have to ensure that there is a consent form for any intrusive procedure or any other procedure where a documented record is essential or advisable. Information provided must or may include the following: Details of diagnosis and prognosis if the medical or dental condition is left untreated. The options for further investigation prior to treatment. Options for management and treatment should be explained fully to the patient including the option not to treat. Other treatment options such as pain relief should also be explained and documented. Common and serious side effects must be fully documented and explained to the patient in a way that the patient can understand and digest. All the questions raised by the patient should be answered and explained to the patient in a way that he/she can understand. Benefits The patient must be informed and documented in the consent form if the process is untested or for research purposes. Ensure a system to allow the patient to be provided with time and a copy of the consent form. Ideally the patient should discuss the matter with family, friends, etc. The consent form must be explained and interpreted to allow for understanding that serious harm does not mean that the patient would become upset or decide to refuse treatment. A referral to the patients GP for a psychiatric or psycho geriatric review to assess competence if he or she is unsure whether the patient is competent. Explanations may be enhanced by using other material such as brochures, diagnosis, photographs, etc. A patient should be given time to consider the issue before finally consenting. Consent must not be given under duress, either from family or the dentist. The patient must be made aware of any hazard which might cause his concern or to which significance would be attached. Any relevant information withheld from the patient should be recorded together with the reason for doing so. No one can provide consent on behalf of an adult, even if the person lacks the capacity to make a decision for him or herself. Just because a patient is the subject of a compulsory treatment order under a section of the Mental Health Act (1983) (or the Mental Health Act (Scotland) 1984), this does not remove the need to obtain consent for procedures which are unrelated to the mental illness. If a patient is not competent to make a decision, the practitioner may provide any investigation or treatment that he or she judges to be in the patients best interests. Children under 16 may be able to consent to investigations or treatment if they understand the nature, purpose and possible consequences of the proposed treatment and the consequences of non-treatment. They must not duffer duress from family or friend. Staff Public involvement. Staff Involvement Clinical Staff Requirements and Development General Dental Council registration. Clinical staff supervision. Continuing Professional Development requirements. Complaints Handling. Poor performance policy. (including whistle blow policy) Patient information and involvement Setting priorities for developing clinical governance: We can use SMART acronym to help us: S specific M measurable A Achievable R relevant T time based. Collect information from all members of the team and from the patients before you make any decisions on how to progress. Complaints investigation. Complaints Methods of dealing with complaints are: Inform your medical indemnity insurer and they will advise you on the best way to deal with it. Managing complaints system within the practice is in place. Member of staff to manage the complaints process is nominated and has this responsibility. Complaints procedure timescale is known to the staff and the dentist. Dentists or the complaints manager should try to meet any patient who complains to attempt to resolve the problem. Details of the complaints procedure should be published in the practice leaflet. Details of the complaints procedure should be displayed on a suitable notice in the waiting area. Complaints manager should seek advice about complaints from medical indemnity provider. Dentist should offer an apology if the situation warrants it. Practice should have a policy for refunding payments if the situation warrants it. Claims The principle of law is: A doctor is not negligent if he has acted in accordance with a practice accepted as proper by a responsible body of medical men skilled in that particular artà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.a doctor is not negligentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦merely because there is a body of opinion that takes a contrary. If we receive a solicitor letter the principle steps are: Dont panic Do not respond to a solicitors letter directly, send it to your dental defence company and let them reply. Collect together all relevant notes, correspondence, and investigations. Do not deface, alter or destroy any of the notes or other records. Practice manual Infection Control Recording of hepatitis B immunisation status. Audit of policy compliance. Child Protection: Identification and CRB (Criminal Record Bauru) checks for all staff. Child protection policy. Evidence-Based Practice and Research Principles of research governance should be applied where appropriate. The definition of Evidence based practice is an approach to decision making in which the clinician uses the best evidence available, in consultation with the patient, to decide upon the option which suits that patient best. Evidence based practice EBP is helping the clinician to maximize the use of best available evidence. Practice review: Arrangements should be in place for the practice team to develop their own checklist for reviewing the practice. A system should be in place for reviewing the practice risk. A system should be in place for patients to pass suggestions to the practice e.g through a suggestion box. A system should be in place for staff to report near misses. A nominated staff member should be available to identify, implement and co-ordinate any risk reduction procedures in the practice. The environment: The surgery should be thoroughly inspected by a team of staff including one or more of the dentists, the practice manager, a dental nurse and one or more senior receptionists. Record Keeping Quality of records is more important than quantity. The patient record keeping provides all privileged parties with the history and details of patient assessment and communication between dentist and patient, as well as specific treatment recommendations, alternatives, risks, and care provided. The patient record keeping is an important legal document in third party relationships. Poor or inadequate documentation of patient care consistently is reported as a major contributing factor in unfavourable legal judgments against dentists (American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry 2006). An electronic patient record is becoming more commonplace (Atkinson et al 2002, Heid et al 2002). General Charting: Initial patient record: Components of a patient record: Components Medical history This should include systems review which includes cardiac, respiratory, haematological, diabetes, hepatitis, epilepsy, gastrointestinal, and mental impairment. Medications which they are include regular medications, recent medication, and allergies. Medical history should include any history of hospitalization. This includes age and cause of admission, operations, and general anaesthesia. Dental history Past history: e.g. regular or irregular attendee, previous experiences, experience of local anaesthesia, and previous co-operation levels Home care: e.g. oral hygiene habits and dietary habits. Reason for attendance. Clinical assessment Diagnosis Treatment recommendations Progress notes When applicable the patient record should include Radiographic assessment Caries risk assessment Informal consent documentation Orthodontic records Laboratory orders Test results Sedation / general anaesthesia records Referrals record Additional ancillary records. Medical history update: The history should be consulted and updated at each recall visit. Dental history Chief complaint Previous dental experience Date of last dental visit/radiographs Oral hygiene practices Fluoride use/exposure history Dietary habits oral habits Previous orofacial trauma Temporomandibular joint history Social development Family history Comprehensive Clinical Examination: General health assessment Pain assessment Temporomandibular joint assessment Extra oral examination Intra oral examination: this includes soft tissues, periodontal tissues, oral hygiene assessment, occlusion assessment, and caries risk assessment. Radiographic assessment is important to aid the diagnosis of dental caries, to detect bony and dental pathology, and to detect abnormalities in dental development. Examination of a limited nature: Treatment recommendations and informed consent: Progress notes Orthodontic treatment Correspondence, consultations, and ancillary documents Principles of treatment planning: includes management of pain, and long term treatment planning. Caries risk assessment: from this assessment appropriate decisions regarding prevention, restorative care, extractions, and long-term recall protocols can be made. Preventive care: the provision of preventive dental care is possibly the most important aspect of treatment planning for the patient. Restorative care: having established the co-operation of the patient it is important to make realistic decisions concerning restorative care. This involves carefull consideration of the advisability of restoring an individual tooth. Aesthetic consideration: Recall visits: completion of the initial course of treatment is merely the start of a long-term relationship with the patient. Reassessment and recall are essential to the treatment planning process. Ongoing prevention, such as the use of fissure sealants or fluoride supplements, requires monitoring as does general and orofacial growth consideration must be given to the existing caries risk factors and awareness that these may change. Clinical audit It is the method used by health professionals to assess, evaluate, and improve the care of patients in a systematic way, to enhance their health and quality of life, (Irven, 1991). The steps of the audit cycle represented in figure 1 are: Select topic objectives Re-audit Audit Cycle Review standards review literature for criteria Make action plan Set standards Feed back findings Design Audit Analyse data Collect Data Fig. 1: Steps in audit cycle. Select the Topic: Set criteria: Set Standards: Data collection: What information we wish to collect. Define Sample: this can be limited by time, funds, staff skills etc. Data analysis: Feed back the findings Draw up the collection plan: Implementation Re-audit: AUDIT TOPIC Quality of Clinical Record-Keeping Background: Why is this audit worth doing? A permanent, faithful and accurate contemporaneous record is required for the appropriate management of patients by clinical dental teams and may be required for medico-legal and clinical governance reasons. CRITERIA AND STANDARDS All patients records must: A Have clear identifying details. B Be legible. C Be dated and filed chronologically. D Have clinicians signature with his/her printed name and designation. E Have clear history, diagnosis and treatment plan for the patient. F Only use approved abbreviations. G Have cancellation and failure to attend recorded. H Retain the original record if any alterations are made. 100% Compliance with criteria was set as the gold standard for the audit. Assess local practice (DATA COLLECTED) Clear identifying details. (1, 2, 3) 1 means clinical record does not have clear identifying details. 2 means clinical record have moderately (fairly) clear identifying details. 3 means clinical records have very clear identifying details. Be legible means records are not legible means records are fairly legible means records are very legible Be dated and filed chronologically. Means records are not dated and not filed chronologically Means records are not always dated and filed chronologically Means records are always dated and filed chronologically. Have clinicians signature with his/her printed name and designation. Means records do not have clinicians signature or names. Means records some times have clinicians signature and names Means records always have clinicians signature and printed names. Have clear history, diagnosis and treatment plan for the patient. Means clinical records do not have clear history, diagnosis and treatment plan for the patient Means clinical records sometimes have clear history, diagnosis and treatment plan for the patient. Means clinical records always have clear history, diagnosis and treatment plan for the patient. Only use approved abbreviations. Means clinical records do not have approved abbreviations. Means clinical records sometimes have approved abbreviations Means clinical records always have approved abbreviations. Have cancellation and failure to attend recorded. Means clinical records do not have cancellation and failure to attend recorded. Means clinical records sometimes have cancellation and failure to attend recorded. Means clinical records always have cancellation and failure to attend recorded. Retain the original record if any alterations are made. Means clinical records do not retain the original records if any alterations are made. Means clinical records only occasionally retain the original records if any alterations are made. Means clinical records always retain the original records if any alterations are made. Table A B C D E F G H Total 1 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 6 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 6 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 7 7 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 7 8 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 7 9 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 7 10 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 11 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 8 12 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 8 13 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 7 14 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 6 15 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 6 16 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 6 17 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 18 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 19 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 20 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 6 21 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 6 22 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 6 23 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 24 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 25 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 26 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 27 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 28 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 29 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 30 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 31 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 32 3 3 3 3 2 1 3 3 6 33 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 34 3 3 3 3 2 1 3 3 6 35 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 36 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 37 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 38 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 6 39 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 40 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 41 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 42 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 6 43 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 6 44 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 6 45 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 46 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 47 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 48 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 49 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 50 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 Total 50 50 50 50 34 33 50 50 32 Data are collected and analysed: 25 clinical records per clinician assessed. Clinician A records was given the numbers from 1 to 25. Clinician B records was given the numbers from 26 to 50. RESULTS (FINDINGS) Compare findings with standards Only 32 out of 50 records met the gold standard 64% of records are meeting the above gold standards. Clinician A has 15 records out of 25 records met the gold standards (60%) Clinician B has 17 records out of 25 records met the gold standards (68%) Change Improvement will be considered and implemented that all records must have clear history, diagnosis and treatment plan for the patients, and only approved abbreviations to be used. Digital input to be considered for all dental records have clear legible printed records. Re-audit annually.

Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre as a Coming of Age Story Essay -- Jane Ey

Jane Eyre as a Coming of Age Story   Charlotte Bronte's classic, Jane Eyre, is a "coming of age" story. The main character, Jane, travels from the innocence of childhood through the maturity of adulthood. During this journey, Jane goes through the battle of education vs. containment, where she attempts to learn about herself and about the world. She must constantly battle a containment of sorts, however, whether it be a true physical containment or a mental one. This battle of education vs. containment can be seen by following Jane through her different places of residence, including Gateshead Hall, Lowood Institution, Thornfield, Moor House and Morton, and Ferndean Manor, where she is, finally, fully educated and escapes the feeling of containment which she held throughout the novel. The story begins as Jane lives with the Reed family in their home at Gateshead Hall. Here, the theme of education vs. containment develops immediately, as Jane is kept confined indoors on a cold winter day. The other children (Eliza, John, and Giorgiana) are "clustered round their mamma in the drawing-room" (Bronte: 39) being educated, as Jane had been excluded from the group. Jane tries to educate herself by reading from Berwick's History of British Birds, but once again, she is held back from her attempt at enlightenment by the abuse of John Reed, who castigates her and throws the heavy book at her. In anger, Jane cries out, "You are like a murderer - you are like a slave-driver - you are like the Roman emperors" (Bronte: 43). In this passage, Jane compares John Reed to a slave-driver because, like a slave-driver, he deprives Jane of her attempt at education and keeps her suppressed. Afterwards, Jane is blamed for the entire incident and... ...ome of the modern woman, as she manages a perfect balance between both, the spiritual and the physical, which is what she really wanted in life. Works Cited and Consulted Beaty, Jerome. Misreading Jane Eyre. Columbus: Ohio State UP, 1996. Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 Bronte, Charlotte. "Charlotte Bronte's Letters". New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1971. Dowta, Dr. Allyson. Women and the Written Word. Trenton: Prentice Hall, 1992. Fraser, Rebecca. The Brontes. 1st ed. New York:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Crown Publishers, 1988.    Gates, Barbara Timm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1990.    Jane Eyre. Dir. Franco Zeffirelli. Perf. William Hurt, Charlotte Gainsborough, and Anna Paquin. 1996    Jane Eyre. Dir. Julian Aymes. Perf. Timothy Dalton, Zelah Clarke. 1983   

Johnny Tremain :: essays research papers

The molten silver was bubbling in the cracked crucible. It started to spill all over its sides leaking down onto the floor. At first he felt nothing, then a great sudden pang. The pain was excruciating. His body collapsed on the floor with his hand following behind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the beginning of this book, a terrible accident befalls Johnny. One of his hands is badly burnt from an accident and he is scarred for life. He will never become a silversmith, a profession he aspires to be. With a shattered dream, he journeys out into the world of Boston to find himself another trade. There he meets Rab who is a sixteen-year old lad of few words. He is nevertheless calm, kind and caring. He is dedicated to his work at the Boston Observer. He helps Johnny find a job as a newspaper delivery boy for the Observer. He has a purpose in life and firmly believes in fighting against injustice brought on the American people by the British. He is a member of the â€Å"Sons of Liberty†. It is through this organization that Johnny’s life crisscrosses with some of the prominent members of the â€Å"Sons of Liberty†. First he runs errands for them and later he is actually involved with the activities of the organization. He helps by gath ering supporters and chopping up the tea at the Boston Tea Party. He loves the excitement and the adventures. He never doubts his physical courage till one day when he witnesses the shooting of a British deserter by the firing squad. The shooting badly unnerves him. He feels his own inadequacy. He begins to question if he really is a coward at heart. Johnny Tremain goes through a lot of change and growth throughout the book. In the beginning he is a smart, confident and hard-working teenager. He doesn’t have patience and despises his fellow apprentices whom he thinks are indolent and inferior. It is his pride of power that makes him rashly promise John Hancock that he can deliver the sugar basin. In an attempt to finish the basin on time he gets in an accident because of a cracked crucible passed to him by Dove. Dove wants to get even with Johnny for being treated badly by him. After the incident Johnny becomes very conscious of his disability. He realizes that he is not as valuable as before.